Framework: NIST 800-53 Audio Course

System Security and Privacy Plans (PL-2) define how security and privacy controls are implemented, documented, and maintained for each system. For exam purposes, understand that PL-2 serves as the cornerstone of authorization and continuous monitoring, describing the control environment, inheritance, roles, and connections. The plan must explain how controls satisfy requirements, include system boundaries, and provide rationale for tailoring decisions. Privacy plans parallel security plans, detailing how personal information is protected under applicable authorities. Together, they form the narrative that connects governance policies with technical implementation.

Operationally, PL-2 plans are developed collaboratively by system owners, security officers, and privacy officers, using standardized templates for consistency. Updates occur whenever significant system or control changes take place. Evidence includes current, approved plan documents, version histories, and cross-references to supporting artifacts such as risk assessments and test results. Metrics include plan currency rate, number of unresolved review comments, and consistency across linked documents. Pitfalls include boilerplate text, misaligned inheritance claims, and failure to keep plans synchronized with implemented controls. Mastering PL-2 shows the ability to maintain authoritative, audit-ready documentation that reflects real system conditions and supports informed decision-making.
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